This review aims to present best available evidence related to the effect of preoperative nutritional supplementation on postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for cancer.
Pancreaticoduodenectomy surgery is the only curative option for early head of pancreas and periampullary cancers. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dihexa.html This complex, high-risk procedure is associated with significant morbidity, making opportunities to improve outcomes paramount. Nutritional supplementation in the preoperative period may enhance the body's ability to withstand the stress of major surgery and reduce postoperative complications.
This review will consider studies of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for cancer who are provided preoperative nutritional supplementation in any form for a minimum of 48?hours. Randomized and quasi-randomized trials that compare any form of preoperative nutritional supplementation to standard care in these patients will be included. Outcome data will include hospital length of stay, mortality, infections, delayed gastric emptying, pancreatic fistula, anastomotic leak, hemorrhage, weight loss, body mass index, serum albumin, and lymphocyte levels, and nutrition risk index score.
Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library) and trial registers will be searched for published and unpublished articles. All articles from database inception to present published in any language will be included. One reviewer will perform the literature search, screen texts for inclusion, and extract data. Two authors will assess methodological quality of the literature using the JBI critical appraisal tool. Authors will be contacted where additional data or clarification is required. Statistical meta-analysis through synthesis and pooling of data for each intervention will be completed where meaningful.
PROSPERO CRD42020215307.
PROSPERO CRD42020215307.To identify and describe the characteristics and associated outcomes of dental and oral health advice and support provided by members of the pharmacy profession. Research exploring the role, attitudes, and knowledge of pharmacists, pharmacy students, and support staff relating to dental and oral health care, as well as stakeholder perceptions, will also be examined.
With the increasing prevalence of dental and oral health disorders and resource constraints within health care systems, other avenues for oral health promotion and care provision are warranted. Pharmacists, as primary care professionals working across various practice settings, could play a significant role in promoting good oral health. Yet, there is limited insight about the role, attitudes, and knowledge of members of the pharmacy profession towards dental and oral health care, as well as what stakeholders, such as consumers and other healthcare professionals, think about their role in this context.
Any full-text publication that describeng two independent reviewers, and data extraction presented in a narrative form.This qualitative systematic review aims to identify the barriers and enablers to delivering and sustaining Indigenous youth mentoring programs for improving mental health and reducing suicide rates.
The United Nations has garnered a global action to address Indigenous youth suicide and suicidal behavior. Indigenous youth mentoring programs aimed at improving mental health and reducing suicide rates have been conducted at smaller scales worldwide. Mentoring is culturally appropriate as it empowers communities and aligns with the principles of community, teaching and learning, kinship, and holistic health. There is a gap in the understanding of what the barriers and enablers of mentoring are in addressing Indigenous youth mental health and, ultimately, Indigenous youth suicide.
This review will consider studies that include mentoring programs specifically targeted at Indigenous youth mental health and well-being that are based within a community or organization setting.
Databases to be searched include iewers; full-text studies will be retrieved and assessed against the inclusion criteria. Results will be recorded in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) diagram. Where possible, qualitative research findings will be pooled. Where textual pooling is not possible, the findings will be presented in narrative form.The purpose of this scoping review is to identify the extent of research exploring the health and well-being harms experienced by adult victims of different types of interpersonal violence.
Interpersonal violence is defined as violence between individuals. It can take many forms and may be physical, sexual, psychological, coercive, or deprivational in nature. Health and well-being harms from being subject to interpersonal violence are common and often endure. Interpersonal violence may cause physical injury, often has mental health impacts, and is associated with greater risk for long-term medical conditions. Though a substantial body of research of health and well-being harms of different types of interpersonal violence exists, to date this has not been collated and mapped; this scoping review will address this gap.
Peer-reviewed primary and secondary research studies, from 2000 to 2019 (in English) that address the negative effects of interpersonal violence on the health and well-being of adult victim data extraction form. Further data synthesis will be undertaken to produce a coherent and comprehensive map of research in the field, identify gaps, and inform priorities for future directions of research and innovation.Transgender persons are at high risk for HIV infection. Testing is a key component of the national effort to end the HIV epidemic in the United States.
Sixty-one local and state health departments and 150 community-based organizations funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to conduct HIV testing programs.
We analyzed HIV testing data submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by funded health departments and community-based organizations during 2012-2017. Descriptive analysis examined patterns of HIV testing and key outcomes (diagnosis of HIV infection, linkage to HIV medical care, and interview for partner services) among transgender persons. Multivariate robust Poisson regression was used to assess associations between HIV testing outcomes and demographic characteristics, census region, and test setting.
A total of 82,818 HIV tests were provided to transgender persons. Of these, 2280 (2.8%) transgender persons were diagnosed with HIV infection; 1556 (1.9%) received a new and 724 (0.